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本题由chris提供

In corporate purchasing,

competitive scrutiny is typically limited to suppliers of items that are directly related to end products. With “indirect” purchases (such as computers, advertising, and legal services), which are not directly related to production, corporations often favor “supplier partnerships” (arrangements in which the purchaser forgoes the right to pursue alternative suppliers), which can inappropriately shelter suppliers from rigorous competitive scrutiny that might afford the purchaser economic leverage. There are two independent variables—availability of alternatives and ease of changing suppliers—that companies should use to evaluate the feasibility of subjecting suppliers of indirect purchases to competitive scrutiny. This can create four possible situations.

In Type 1 situations, there are many alternatives and change is relatively easy. Open pursuit of alternatives—by frequent competitive bidding, if possible—will likely yield the best results. In Type 2 situations, where there are many alternatives but change is difficult—as for providers of employee health-care benefits—it is important to continuously test the market and use the results to secure concessions from existing suppliers. Alternatives provide a credible threat to suppliers, even if the ability to switch is constrained. In Type 3 situations, there are few alternatives, but the ability to switch without difficulty creates a threat that companies can use to negotiate concessions from existing suppliers. In Type 4 situations, where there are few alternatives and change is difficult, partnerships may be unavoidable.

Which of the following best describes the relation of the

second paragraph to the first?


    A. The second paragraph offers proof of an assertion made in the first paragraph.

    B. The second paragraph provides an explanation for the occurrence of a situation described in the first paragraph.

    C. The second paragraph discusses the application of a strategy proposed in the first paragraph.

    D. The second paragraph examines the scope of a problem presented in the first paragraph.

    E. The second paragraph discusses the contradictions inherent in a relationship described in the first paragraph.


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答案:
C
第一段:介
绍了competitive scrutiny,supply partnership ,supply partnership的作用以及什么会影响到它 提出了许多新的专业名词 第二段:接第一段的尾,两个因素是怎样影响它的 A说的是提供了几个证明 B说提供几个解释 C说讨论了什么的应用 D说检查了什么的范围 E说讨论的什么内在的矛盾 选C

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